Llinux系統(Centos/Ubuntu/Debian)彈性云系統盤擴容方法

windows系統請參考：http://m.shinetop.cn/faq/list.asp?unid=2220

windows數據盤擴容請參考：http://m.shinetop.cn/faq/list.asp?unid=512

linux數據盤擴容請參考：http://m.shinetop.cn/faq/list.asp?unid=587

警告：

1.調整過分區管理方式的，例如lvm管理方式，請忽略此教程。

2.ubuntu18系統暫不支持腳本擴容,請手動擴容,參看下面ubuntu18部分,用parted操作

腳本自動處理（推薦）

SSH登錄服務器下載自動執行腳本（注意：不要在寶塔面板終端執行）：

wget -O auto_expansion.sh http://downinfo.myhostadmin.net/vps/auto_expansion.sh && bash auto_expansion.sh && rm -rf auto_expansion.sh

手工處理方法

紅色為您要鍵入的指令，綠色為需要注意的內容，藍色為說明

特別提醒：刪除分區后一定要先建立分區再保存，刪除后點了保存會導致數據丟失，如果對linux不熟悉的，建議提交維護工單我司手工處理，費用100元。該操作有風險，為避免誤操作導致數據丟失，操作前請對您的重要數據進行備份！

centos6用gdisk工具

Centos：
[root@ebs-89713 ~]yum -y install gdisk //安裝分區工具

[root@ebs-89713 ~]gdisk /dev/vda //操作根分區磁盤

Command (? for help): p //查看分區

Disk /dev/vda: 104857600 sectors, 50.0 GiB

Logical sector size: 512 bytes

Disk identifier (GUID): B7172F0B-2C30-4535-981D-F0ED8B4A6065

Partition table holds up to 128 entries

First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 104857566

Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries

Total free space is 41945021 sectors (20.0 GiB)

Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name

1 2048 62914559 30.0 GiB 8300 Linux filesystem //注意這個值

Command (? for help): d //刪除分區

Using 1

Command (? for help): 1

b back up GPT data to a file

c change a partition's name

d delete a partition

i show detailed information on a partition

l list known partition types

n add a new partition

o create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

r recovery and transformation options (experts only)

s sort partitions

t change a partition's type code

v verify disk

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

? print this menu

Command (? for help): n

Partition number (1-128, default 1): 1

First sector (34-104857566, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 2048 //剛才記錄的

Last sector (2048-104857566, default = 104857566) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: //直接回車

Current type is 'Linux filesystem'

Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): //直接回車

Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'

Command (? for help): w

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING

PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y

OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/vda.

Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.

The new table will be used at the next reboot.

The operation has completed successfully.

[root@ebs ~]#reboot //重啟讓分區生效

[root@ebs ~]#resize2fs -f /dev/vda1 //開始擴容根分區,如果是centos8.x系統需要使用這個命令：xfs_growfs /dev/vda1

resize2fs -f /dev/vda1

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem at /dev/vda1 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required

old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 4

Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vda1 to 13106939 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/vda1 is now 13106939 blocks long.

[root@ebs ~]#df -vh //完成,查看新的根分區大小

centos7,centos8用fdisk工具

[root@ebs-89713 ~]# fdisk /dev/vda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x000c1d0e

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/vda1 2048 83886079 41942016 83 Linux

Command (m for help): d

Selected partition 1

Partition 1 is deleted

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

e extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1

First sector (2048-104857599, default 2048): 2048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-104857599, default 104857599): 104857599

Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 50 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

Syncing disks.

[root@ebs-89713 ~]# reboot //重啟讓分區生效

重啟完,重新登陸服務器

centos7系統執行:

[root@ebs-89713 ~]# resize2fs -f /dev/vda1 //開始擴容根分區

centos8系統執行:

[root@ebs-89713 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vda1 //開始擴容根分區

[root@ebs-89713 ~]# df -vh //完成,查看新的根分區大小

Ubuntu16,Ubuntu20,debian8,debian9用parted工具

[root@ebs-89713 ~] parted /dev/vda

(parted) unit b

(parted) print

Model: Virtio 塊設備 (virtblk)

磁盤 /dev/vda: 107374182400B

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

分區表：msdos

數字開始： End 大小類型文件系統標志

1 1048576B 32211206143B 32210157568B primary ext4 啟動

(parted) rm 1 //刪除1分區,記1的開始刪除2分區,記2分區的開始

警告: Partition /dev/vda1 is being used. Are you sure you want to continue?

是/Yes/否/No? yes

錯誤: Partition(s) 1 on /dev/vda have been written, but we have been unable to inform the kernel of the change,

probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remain in use. You should reboot

now before making further changes.

忽略/Ignore/放棄/Cancel? I

(parted) mkpart

分區類型？ primary/主分區/extended/擴展分區? p

文件系統類型？ [ext2]?

起始點？ 1048576B //刪除1分區,記1的開始刪除2分區,記2分區的開始

結束點？ 100%

(parted) print

Model: Virtio 塊設備 (virtblk)

磁盤 /dev/vda: 107374182400B

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

分區表：msdos

數字開始： End 大小類型文件系統標志

1 1048576B 107374182399B 107373133824B primary ext4

(parted) quit

信息: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@ebs-89713 ~]# reboot //重啟讓分區生效

重啟完,重新登陸服務器

[root@ebs-89713 ~]# resize2fs -f /dev/vda1 //開始擴容根分區

[root@ebs-89713 ~]# df -vh //完成,查看新的根分區大小

ubuntu18(系統盤存在兩個分區vda1,vda2)用parted工具

root@ebs-89713:~# parted /dev/vda

GNU Parted 3.2

Using /dev/vda

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) unit b

(parted) print

Warning: Not all of the space available to /dev/vda appears to be used, you can fix the GPT to use all of the space (an extra 20971520 blocks) or continue

with the current setting?

Fix/Ignore? Fix

Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk)

Disk /dev/vda: 42949672960B

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 1048576B 2097151B 1048576B bios_grub

2 2097152B 32211206143B 32209108992B ext4

(parted) rm 2

Warning: Partition /dev/vda2 is being used. Are you sure you want to continue?

Yes/No? Yes

Error: Partition(s) 2 on /dev/vda have been written, but we have been unable to inform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a

result, the old partition(s) will remain in use. You should reboot now before making further changes.

Ignore/Cancel? I

(parted) mkpart

Partition name? []? //直接回車

File system type? [ext2]? //直接回車

Start? 2097152B //上面number 2中的start起始位置

End? 100%

(parted) print

Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk)

Disk /dev/vda: 42949672960B

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt